RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Based on the Brazilian National Health Promotion Policy (PNPS), the Ministry of Health (MoH) started stimulating and funding physical activity interventions in 2005, leading to the establishment of a countrywide network. The aim of the present article is to geographically describe this network (2005-2008) and to present structure and process evaluation indicators of interventions funded in 2006 and 2007. METHODS: In 2005, the 27 state capitals received funding for carrying out physical activity-related interventions. From 2006 onwards, public calls for proposals were announced, and cities were selected through a competitive basis. Coordinators of interventions in cities who got funding in 2006 and 2007 answered to survey questions on structure and process aspects of the interventions. RESULTS: The network currently comprises 469 projects, out of which over 60% are carried out in small cities (<30,000 inhabitants). The most frequently used public spaces for the interventions are squares and indoor sports courts. The main physical activity-related topic of the PNPS prioritized in the projects is healthy diet. The main partnerships developed are between City's Health and Education Secretariats. CONCLUSION: Expanding the network to 1000 cities by 2010 and continuing the evaluation efforts are the next goals of the Brazilian MoH.
Assuntos
Redes Comunitárias/organização & administração , Promoção da Saúde/organização & administração , Atividade Motora , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/organização & administração , Brasil , Planejamento Ambiental , Financiamento Governamental , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Humanos , Vigilância da População/métodosRESUMO
Infant deaths were classified as avoidable, non-avoidable, and resulting from ill-defined conditions, from 1997 to 2006, using the Brazilian List of Avoidable Causes of Mortality. Non-linear regression was used to calculate trends in cause-specific infant mortality rates. There was a significant decline in both avoidable deaths and deaths from ill-defined causes (p < 0.001). Avoidable deaths decreased by 37% overall. Mortality avoidable through adequate intrapartum care and adequate neonatal care decreased by 27.7% and 42.5%, respectively, while mortality avoidable through adequate prenatal care increased by 28.3%. In conclusion, health services contributed to the reduction in infant mortality. The decrease in ill-defined causes of death indicates expanded access to health services. The increase in access to intrapartum and neonatal care contributed to the reduction in infant deaths. The increase in mortality avoidable through adequate prenatal care indicates the need for improvement in prenatal care.
Assuntos
Causas de Morte/tendências , Mortalidade Infantil/tendências , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/normas , Brasil/epidemiologia , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/normas , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Lactente , Cuidado do Lactente/normas , Cuidado do Lactente/estatística & dados numéricos , Recém-Nascido , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Cuidado Pré-Natal/normas , Cuidado Pré-Natal/estatística & dados numéricos , Prevenção Primária/estatística & dados numéricos , Prevenção Primária/tendências , Análise de RegressãoRESUMO
Os óbitos de menores de um ano foram classificados em causas evitáveis, mal definidas e não evitáveis empregando a Lista Brasileira de Mortes Evitáveis, entre 1997-2006. Foram calculados tendências dos coeficientes de mortalidade infantil por causas de morte e se usou regressão não linear para avaliação de tendência. As causas evitáveis e as causas mal definidas apresentaram significativa redução (p < 0,001). As causas reduzíveis de mortalidade apresentaram redução de 37 por cento. A mortalidade por causas reduzíveis por adequada atenção ao parto declinou em 27,7 por cento; adequada atenção ao recém-nascido, 42,5 por cento; e por adequada atenção à gestação cresceu 28,3 por cento. Concluiu-se que os serviços de saúde contribuíram para a redução da mortalidade infantil. O declínio das causas mal definidas de morte indica ampliação do acesso aos serviços de saúde. O aumento do acesso e atenção ao parto e aos cuidados com recém-nascido contribuíram para a redução de óbitos infantis. O aumento da mortalidade por adequada atenção à gestação revela a necessidade de aprimoramento da atenção pré-natal.
Infant deaths were classified as avoidable, non-avoidable, and resulting from ill-defined conditions, from 1997 to 2006, using the Brazilian List of Avoidable Causes of Mortality. Non-linear regression was used to calculate trends in cause-specific infant mortality rates. There was a significant decline in both avoidable deaths and deaths from ill-defined causes (p < 0.001). Avoidable deaths decreased by 37 percent overall. Mortality avoidable through adequate intrapartum care and adequate neonatal care decreased by 27.7 percent and 42.5 percent, respectively, while mortality avoidable through adequate prenatal care increased by 28.3 percent. In conclusion, health services contributed to the reduction in infant mortality. The decrease in ill-defined causes of death indicates expanded access to health services. The increase in access to intrapartum and neonatal care contributed to the reduction in infant deaths. The increase in mortality avoidable through adequate prenatal care indicates the need for improvement in prenatal care.
